feat: track progress

[shizhMSFT]

Important

This PR resolves #839 and is experimental.
This PR is also a duplicate of the internal/progress package in oras-project/oras#1524.

This PR introduce a new package progress to track the progress of reading content.

[shizhMSFT]

Discussions should go to #839

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 86.84211% with 10 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 75.78%. Comparing base (e4dc64e) to head (fc11b2f).
Report is 7 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
progress/manager.go	0.00%	6 Missing ⚠️
progress/tracker.go	94.28%	3 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #852      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   75.72%   75.78%   +0.05%     
==========================================
  Files          63       65       +2     
  Lines        6011     6087      +76     
==========================================
+ Hits         4552     4613      +61     
- Misses       1078     1090      +12     
- Partials      381      384       +3     

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[github-actions]

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