Arrays

C++ Arrays

C++ arrays are data structures that allow us to store a collection of elements. They are linear data structures which can be used to store elements of the same data type in a contiguous block of memory.

Declaration

To declare an array in C++, we use the following syntax:

data_type array_name[array_size];

where data_type is the type of data the array stores, array_name is the name of the array, and array_size is the size of the array.

For example, to declare an array of 10 integers, we would use the following syntax:

int myArray[10];

Initialization

Once an array is declared, we can initialize its elements. To do this, we use the following syntax:

data_type array_name[array_size] = {val1, val2, val3, ...};

where val1, val2, etc. are the values that we want to assign to the array elements.

For example, to initialize an array of 10 integers to all zeros, we would use the following syntax:

int myArray[10] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};

Accessing Elements

Once an array is declared and initialized, we can access any of its elements using the following syntax:

array_name[index];

where index is the index of the element we want to access.

For example, to access the fourth element of the array myArray, we would use the following syntax:

myArray[3];

Iterating Through an Array

To iterate through all the elements in an array, we can use a for loop. The syntax for this is as follows:

for (int i = 0; i < array_size; i++)
{
    // Access array elements here
    array_name[i];
}

where i is the loop iterator, array_size is the size of the array, and array_name is the name of the array.

For example, to iterate through all the elements of the array myArray, we would use the following syntax:

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
    // Access array elements here
    myArray[i];
}

Conclusion

C++ arrays are an important data structure that allows us to store a collection of elements of the same data type. We can declare, initialize, access, and iterate through the elements of an array using the syntax provided in this article.